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Digital microfluidics: A promising technique for biochemical applications

He WANG, Liguo CHEN, Lining SUN

Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering 2017, Volume 12, Issue 4, Pages 510-525 doi: 10.1007/s11465-017-0460-z

Abstract:

Digital microfluidics (DMF) is a versatile microfluidics technology that has significant application

Keywords： digital microfluidics electrowetting on dielectric discrete droplet biochemistry

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Porous ultrathin-shell microcapsules designed by microfluidics for selective permeation and stimuli-triggered

Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering Pages 1643-1650 doi: 10.1007/s11705-022-2201-z

Abstract: Microcapsules are versatile delivery vehicles and widely used in various areas. Generally, microcapsules with solid shells lack selective permeation and only exhibit a simple release mode. Here, we use ultrathin-shell water-in-oil-in-water double emulsions as templates and design porous ultrathin-shell microcapsules for selective permeation and multiple stimuli-triggered release. After preparation of double emulsions by microfluidic devices, negatively charged shellac nanoparticles dispersed in the inner water core electrostatically complex with positively charged telechelic α,ω-diamino functionalized polydimethylsiloxane polymers dissolved in the middle oil shell at the water/oil interface, thus forming a porous shell of shellac nanoparticles cross-linked by telechelic polymers. Subsequently, the double emulsions become porous microcapsules upon evaporation of the middle oil phase. The porous ultrathin-shell microcapsules exhibit excellent properties, including tunable size, selective permeation and stimuli-triggered release. Small molecules or particles can diffuse across the shell, while large molecules or particles are encapsulated in the core, and release of the encapsulated cargos can be triggered by osmotic shock or a pH change. Due to their unique performance, porous ultrathin-shell microcapsules present promising platforms for various applications, such as drug delivery.

Keywords： microcapsule emulsion microfluidics selective permeation stimuli-triggered release

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Microfluidics for Medical Additive Manufacturing Review

Jie Wang, Changmin Shao, Yuetong Wang, Lingyun Sun, Yuanjin Zhao

Engineering 2020, Volume 6, Issue 11, Pages 1244-1257 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2020.10.001

Abstract: Finally, we present challenges in and future perspectives on the development of microfluidics for medical

Keywords： Microfluidics Biomaterial Additive manufacturing Droplet Fiber

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Microfluidic production of liposomes through liquid–liquid phase separation in ternary droplets

Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2022, Volume 16, Issue 6, Pages 1017-1022 doi: 10.1007/s11705-021-2118-y

Abstract: Liposomes, the self-assembled phospholipid vesicles, have been extensively used in various fields such as artificial cells, drug delivery systems, biosensors and cosmetics. However, current microfluidic routes to liposomes mostly rely on water-in-oil-in-water double emulsion droplets as templates, and require complex fabrication of microfluidic devices, and tedious manipulation of multiphase fluids. Here we present a simple microfluidic approach to preparing monodisperse liposomes from oil-in-water droplets. For demonstration, we used butyl acetate-water-ethanol ternary mixtures as inner phase and an aqueous solution of surfactants as outer phase to make oil-in-water droplets, which can evolve into water-in-oil-in-water double emulsion droplets by liquid–liquid phase separation of ternary mixtures. Subsequently, the resultant water-in-oil-in-water droplets underwent a dewetting transition to form separated monodisperse liposomes and residual oil droplets, with the assistance of surfactants. The method is simple, does not require complex microfluidic devices and tedious manipulation, and provides a new platform for controllable preparation of liposomes.

Keywords： microfluidics liposomes ternary droplets phase separation

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Mechanically Strong Proteinaceous Fibers: Engineered Fabrication by Microfluidics Review

Jing Sun, Jingsi Chen, Kai Liu, Hongbo Zeng

Engineering 2021, Volume 7, Issue 5, Pages 615-623 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2021.02.005

Abstract: As the traditional spinning methods provide poor control over the as-spun fibers, microfluidics has beenThis review outlines recent progress in the design and fabrication of protein-based fibers based on microfluidicsWe first briefly discuss the natural spider silk-spinning process and the microfluidics spinning processNext, the fabrication and mechanical properties of regenerated protein fibers via microfluidics are discussed

Keywords： Proteinaceous fibers Microfluidics Soft materia l Biomaterials

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Platform governance in the era of AI and the digital economy

Frontiers of Engineering Management 2023, Volume 10, Issue 1, Pages 177-182 doi: 10.1007/s42524-022-0241-1

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Revisiting digital twins: Origins, fundamentals, and practices

Frontiers of Engineering Management Pages 668-676 doi: 10.1007/s42524-022-0216-2

Abstract: The digital twins (DT) has quickly become a hot topic since it was proposed.

Keywords： virtual manufacturing digital twins modeling and simulation digitization computational engineering

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Development trend of urban design in “digital age”: Pan-dimensionality and individual-ubiquity

Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2021, Volume 15, Issue 3, Pages 569-575 doi: 10.1007/s11709-021-0735-7

Abstract: The wave of “digital age” featuring digital information is coming.Digital technology is profoundly changing the societal development direction and evolution paths.creation and adaptation of material space forms that integrate humanities, art, technology and materials, digitalThe result of this evolution is “digital urban design paradigm based on human-computer interaction”,

Keywords： digital age urban design multiple objectives human-computer interaction pan-dimensionality individual-ubiquity

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Microfluidics for cell-cell interactions: A review

Rui Li,Xuefei Lv,Xingjian Zhang,Omer Saeed,Yulin Deng

Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2016, Volume 10, Issue 1, Pages 90-98 doi: 10.1007/s11705-015-1550-2

Abstract: Microfluidic chip has been applied in various biological fields owing to its low-consumption of reagents, high throughput, fluidic controllability and integrity. The well-designed microscale intermediary is also ideal for the study of cell biology. Particularly, microfluidic chip is helpful for better understanding cell-cell interactions. A general survey of recent publications would help to generalize the designs of the co-culture chips with different features. With ingenious and combinational utilization, the chips facilitate the implementation of some special co-culture models that are highly concerned in a different spatial and temporal way.

Keywords： microfluidic chip co-culture cell-cell interactions review

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Embracing digital mindsets to ensure a sustainable future

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2023, Volume 18, Issue 3, doi: 10.1007/s11783-024-1799-0

Keywords： Wildlife Climate Change Heavy metals Noise LAN Light pollution

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Design of a digital currency information system based on the UnionPay network

Hongfeng CHAI, Quan SUN, Yu ZHOU, Tao ZHU

Frontiers of Engineering Management 2020, Volume 7, Issue 4, Pages 471-484 doi: 10.1007/s42524-020-0134-0

Abstract: Digital currency can reduce the issuance and circulation costs of physical cash and improve the convenienceTherefore, digital currency has received widespread attention from central banks in recent years.system from three aspects, namely, digital currency account opening, exchange, and use, and furtherexpounds on the operation mechanism of a digital currency information system prototype.to realize the forward guidance function of the central bank digital currency.

Keywords： UnionPay network digital currency information system blockchain smart contracts

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Development of a novel two-stage proportional valve with a pilot digital flow distribution

Qiang GAO, Yuchuan ZHU, Changwen WU, Yulei JIANG

Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering 2021, Volume 16, Issue 2, Pages 420-434 doi: 10.1007/s11465-020-0622-2

Abstract: digitization of the traditional proportional valve, a novel two-stage proportional valve with a pilot digital

Keywords： two-stage proportional valve digital flow distribution high-speed on/off valve position tracking characteristic

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Three-scale stochastic homogenization of elastic recycled aggregate concrete based on nano-indentation digital

Chen WANG, Yuching WU, Jianzhuang XIAO

Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2018, Volume 12, Issue 4, Pages 461-473 doi: 10.1007/s11709-017-0441-7

Abstract: elastic finite element analyses are made for recycled aggregate concrete (RAC) based on nano-indentation digitalmoduli of RAC at three different scales are obtained using moving window technique, nano-indentation digital

Keywords： RAC nano-indentation digital image multiscale microscopic randomness homogenization

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Assessing compressive strengths of mortar and concrete from digital images by machine learning techniques

Amit SHIULY; Debabrata DUTTA; Achintya MONDAL

Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2022, Volume 16, Issue 3, Pages 347-358 doi: 10.1007/s11709-022-0819-z

Abstract: samples were cut, and several images of the cut surfaces were captured at various zoom levels using a digitalmodels as an efficient means of estimating cement mortar and concrete compressive strengths based on digital

Keywords： support vector machine deep convolutional neural network microscope digital image curing period

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Hierarchically Inverse Opal Porous Scaffolds from Droplet Microfluidics for Biomimetic 3D Cell Co-Culture Article

Changmin Shao, Yuxiao Liu, Junjie Chi, Fangfu Ye, Yuanjin Zhao

Engineering 2021, Volume 7, Issue 12, Pages 1778-1785 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2020.06.031

Abstract:

With the advantages of better mimicking the specificity of natural tissues, three-dimensional (3D) cell culture plays a major role in drug development, toxicity testing, and tissue engineering. However, existing scaffolds or microcarriers for 3D cell culture are often limited in size and show suboptimal performance in simulating the vascular complexes of living organisms. Therefore, we present a novel hierarchically inverse opal porous scaffold made via a simple microfluidic approach for promoting 3D cell co-culture techniques. The designed scaffold is constructed using a combined concept involving an emulsion droplet template and inert polymer polymerization. This work demonstrates that the resultant scaffolds ensure a sufficient supply of nutrients during cell culture, so as to achieve large-volume cell culture. In addition, by serially planting different cells in the scaffold, a 3D co-culture system of endothelial-cell-encapsulated hepatocytes can be developed for constructing certain functional tissues. It is also demonstrated that the use of the proposed scaffold for a co-culture system helps hepatocytes to maintain specific in vivo functions. These hierarchically inverse opal scaffolds lay the foundation for 3D cell culture and even the construction of biomimetic tissues.

Keywords： Microfluidics Inverse opal Cell culture Droplet Biomaterial